According to the university regulations, students' academic performance for each course must be assessed at least twice during the term time and once soon after the term is finished, that is in the final exams. The method, scope, time and weight of assessment are left to the lecturer to decide. The usual method of assessment is a written exam with essay type questions. However, the lecturer may decide to give take-home papers or require the students to give seminar presentations, write term papers or assignments or research reports. Information about the method of assessment for each individual course is provided in the section on Course Contents below.